How mail work in new windows server 2012

In Windows Server 2012, the mail system is based on the Internet Information Services (IIS) and the Microsoft Exchange Server. Here's an overview of how mail works in a Windows Server 2012 environment:

Mail Services

Windows Server 2012 provides several mail services, including:

  1. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): allows email messages to be sent and received between mail servers.
  2. POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3): allows email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server.
  3. IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): allows email clients to retrieve and manage email messages on a mail server.
  4. Exchange Server: a comprehensive email server that provides features such as calendar sharing, contact management, and task management.

Mail Flow

Here's an overview of the mail flow in a Windows Server 2012 environment:

  1. Email Client: a user sends an email message using an email client (e.g., Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird).
  2. SMTP: the email client sends the email message to the SMTP server (e.g., Microsoft Exchange Server, IIS).
  3. SMTP Server: the SMTP server receives the email message and forwards it to the destination mail server using the SMTP protocol.
  4. Destination Mail Server: the destination mail server receives the email message and stores it in the recipient's mailbox.
  5. POP3/IMAP: the recipient's email client (e.g., Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird) connects to the mail server using POP3 or IMAP to retrieve the email message.

Mail Server Components

In a Windows Server 2012 environment, the mail server components are:

  1. Microsoft Exchange Server: a comprehensive email server that provides features such as calendar sharing, contact management, and task management.
  2. IIS (Internet Information Services): a web server that provides SMTP services and allows email messages to be sent and received.
  3. Mailbox Server: a server that stores email messages and provides access to email clients using POP3, IMAP, or Exchange Web Services.

Mail Server Configuration

To configure mail services in Windows Server 2012, you need to:

  1. Install and configure IIS: install IIS and configure it to provide SMTP services.
  2. Install and configure Exchange Server: install Exchange Server and configure it to provide email services.
  3. Configure mailboxes: create and configure mailboxes for users.
  4. Configure email clients: configure email clients (e.g., Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird) to connect to the mail server.

Security

To secure mail services in Windows Server 2012, you can:

  1. Use SSL/TLS encryption: encrypt email messages using SSL/TLS encryption.
  2. Use authentication: use authentication mechanisms such as username/password or Kerberos to authenticate users.
  3. Use firewalls: use firewalls to block unauthorized access to the mail server.
  4. Use antivirus software: use antivirus software to scan email messages for viruses and malware.