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The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is a global authority on the conservation status of species. It assesses the risk of extinction for plants and animals, and provides a framework for prioritizing conservation efforts.

Here's a brief overview of the IUCN Red List categories:

  1. Extinct (EX): Species that have become extinct, either globally or in a specific region.
  2. Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species that are extinct in the wild, but may still exist in captivity.
  3. Critically Endangered (CR): Species that are at high risk of extinction in the wild, and are likely to become extinct if conservation efforts are not successful.
  4. Endangered (EN): Species that are at risk of extinction in the wild, and may become critically endangered if conservation efforts are not successful.
  5. Vulnerable (VU): Species that are likely to become endangered in the near future, and may require conservation efforts to prevent extinction.
  6. Near Threatened (NT): Species that are close to qualifying for or are likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future.
  7. Least Concern (LC): Species that are not considered to be threatened with extinction, and are likely to continue to thrive in the wild.
  8. Data Deficient (DD): Species for which there is not enough data to assess their conservation status.

The IUCN Red List is an important tool for conservation efforts, as it helps identify species that require urgent attention and prioritizes conservation efforts.