Valid email address characters

A valid email address typically consists of the following characters:

1. Local part: The part before the @ symbol, which can contain:
   • Letters (a-z, A-Z)
   • Numbers (0-9)
   • Dots (.)
   • Hyphens (-)
   • Underscores (_)
   • Plus signs (+)
   • At symbols (@)
   • Backslashes ()
   • Carets (^)
   • Tildes (~)
   • Exclamation marks (!)
   • Dollar signs ($)
   • Percent signs (%)
   • Ampersands (&)
   • Parentheses (() )
   • Brackets ([] )
   • Braces ({})
   • Colons (:)
   • Semicolons (;)
   • Commas (,)
   • Quotation marks ("")
   • Apostrophes (')
   • Backticks (`)

Note that some characters, such as spaces, are not allowed in the local part.

2. Domain: The part after the @ symbol, which can contain:
   • Letters (a-z, A-Z)
   • Numbers (0-9)
   • Dots (.)
   • Hyphens (-)
   • Underscores (_)
   • Plus signs (+)
   • At symbols (@)
   • Backslashes ()
   • Carets (^)
   • Tildes (~)
   • Exclamation marks (!)
   • Dollar signs ($)
   • Percent signs (%)
   • Ampersands (&)
   • Parentheses (() )
   • Brackets ([] )
   • Braces ({})
   • Colons (:)
   • Semicolons (;)
   • Commas (,)
   • Quotation marks ("")
   • Apostrophes (')
   • Backticks (`)

Note that some characters, such as spaces, are not allowed in the domain.

3. Top-level domain (TLD): The part after the last dot (.) in the domain, which can contain:
   • Letters (a-z, A-Z)
   • Numbers (0-9)
   • Dots (.)
   • Hyphens (-)
   • Underscores (_)

Examples of valid email addresses:

• [email protected]
• [email protected]
• [email protected]
• [email protected]

Examples of invalid email addresses:

• john [email protected] (space in local part)
• @example.com (no local part)
• example.com (no @ symbol)
• [email protected] (no domain)
• john.doe@example (no TLD)

Keep in mind that while these are the general guidelines for valid email addresses, some email providers may have additional restrictions or requirements.